Permanent A. Ilyasov, a columnist for CentralAsia.news, a well-known Turkmen scientist, doctor of technical sciences, published analytical information about environmental activities in Turkmenistan, as well as what can happen if we do not pay proper attention to environmental protection.
As is known, Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov's environmental policy is designed to resolve several issues at once, allowing for the growth of an environmentally-oriented economy, the conservation of natural resources, and the strengthening of compliance with environmental legislation.
Turkmenistan actively cooperates with international partners to successfully address these challenges. The country has ratified and become a party to many global conventions and UN programs in this area.
World problems of humanity
Environmental problems are among the main problems that mankind seeks to solve. And there has already been some success on this issue. For the Earth to be habitable for present and future generations for as long as possible, the first thing to do is to reduce deforestation, reduce the pollution of the world's oceans, and stop the destruction of the ozone layer in the atmosphere.
Human progress and its impact on the environment
Since the beginning of man's existence, the environment has been affected. But this began to be felt especially with the advent of the 18th century, when the Industrial Revolution began.
Man ceased to be part of the natural cycle of living nature and began to live by his own rules. The changes that began to happen to the planet were not immediately apparent, because human civilization was focused on other things - the extraction of energy resources, metal, etc. Man was taking these substances out of nature, then bringing them back in already modified form.
All of this has led to The main cause of the ecological crisis is the large-scale pollution of land, water, and air. And today, these processes continue to grow, reaching catastrophic proportions. Over time, the scale of the consequences that humanity will have to deal with will only increase. The inhabitants of the entire world are faced with major new disruptions in the ecological environment. Some of them are relatively small and affect only one or two ecosystems, while others drastically change the way people live their lives.
Three categories of protection
The first programs aimed at preventing the destruction of the natural environment appeared in the early twentieth century. However, it later became clear that this was not enough. Nearly 12 species of plant and animal life die out on Earth every day. Over the past 200 years, more than 900,000 species of plants and animals have disappeared forever. Therefore, mankind has turned to more active actions aimed at conserving and restoring nature. The protective measures that are being taken now fall into three categories:
- legal - the formation of an environmentally oriented legislative base, the creation of special funds and the development of programs;
- technological - the creation and use of new technologies that minimize the harmful effects of industrial sectors on the natural environment. Creation and active use of "green" energy;
- architectural - construction of eco-cities, landscaping of existing settlements.
Environmental programs of the global community and activities of Turkmenistan
The UN developed the Natural Environment Program (UNEP), which identifies trends that could have a significant impact on human life, nature, and the global economy in the near future. They include the latest ways to restore ecological links, the development of synthetic biology, the formation of peat bogs, climate change, nitrogen pollution, and much more. The progress of human civilization and its survival depend on solving these key problems. To successfully confront such challenges, the whole world must join forces.
Among the options for international environmental cooperation is the implementation of large-scale research projects. Global eco-programs and eco-projects include an extensive list of issues at all levels, from the local to the global.
Turkmenistan is also actively working in this direction, primarily in terms of the legislative framework. The state has a number of environmental laws, including "On Ecological Safety", "On Nature Protection", "On Chemical Safety", "On Eco-Expertise" and others.
The Turkmen side is convinced that the resolution of environmental issues is possible on the basis of generally accepted international legal norms. At the same time, interests of all states of the region should be taken into account. Efficiency of these activities also depends on active participation of the global community represented by the UN and other significant international organizations.
Hydrocarbon and the environment
The oil and gas industry is considered one of the key environmental hazards around the world. Since this sector is one of the pillars on which the economy of Turkmenistan rests, the country has organized a set of measures aimed at minimizing the negative impact of the hydrocarbon industry.
Enterprises operating in the oil and gas sector have a complex infrastructure for oil and gas production, storage, transportation, processing and distribution. Management of all this complex is inconceivable without constant control and accounting of the processes that take place on the territory. All types of economic activities related to the use of subsoil are also controlled.
For example, when drafting projects for the construction of new facilities at the TKNPZ, Westport Trading Europe Limited specialists carried out a comprehensive assessment of the potential impact of these technological facilities on the natural environment. The results of the research will make it possible to develop and implement measures aimed at reducing the harmful impact of production activities on the environment in the future.
Source: centralasia.news
Photo: news.un.org
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